The development of vaccines during a pandemic involves several steps: 1. Identification of the pathogen: Scientists first need to identify the virus or bacterium causing the disease. 2. Research and Development: This stage involves understanding the pathogen's structure, genome, and how it infects humans. 3. Clinical Trials: Vaccines undergo multiple phases of clinical trials to ensure their safety and efficacy. 4. Regulatory Approval: Vaccines must be approved by regulatory bodies such as the FDA or EMA. 5. Mass Production: Once approved, vaccines are produced on a large scale and distributed.
